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Seismic waves are the invisible pressure movements that travel through the earth after an earthquake or tremor. They can also be generated by humans through underground controlled explosions or shocks and on the surface by heavy seismic machinery impacting the surface of an area.

The pressure waves travel in 2 or more ways, p-waves or push ways travel in a straight line and travel the furthest in all directions, s-waves or shear or shake waves, travel from side to side and travel shorter distances, close to the surface. As each wave reaches a boundary in the sub-strata they bounce back to the surface, where they can be recorded on a seismograph, indicating the strata depths and structures and can aid in the interpretation of geological structures and mineral exploration. Other waves can travel right around the earth and down into the earth, where they are reflected back off of the earth's nickel-iron core, forming a shadow area. By correlating a series of recordings from various surface points, a triangulation can be made indicating the source position of the shock.

The strengths of the shocks are given as degrees on The Richter Scale.

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