usually by crushing in a hammer mill until everything (ore and rock) is fine dust. then there are various ways to separate them depending on the type of ore.
By smelting.
an ore has a metal inside it with economic value inside it that makes it different from any other normal rocks, if it has economic value t will obviously be quite alot of the metal in the ore and it will be quite heavy and will most likley be heavier than other rocks. hope that helped, sorry for long answer :(
Tin is separated from tin ore through a process called smelting, where the ore is heated with carbon in a furnace to create tin metal. This process allows the tin to be separated from the other impurities in the ore, resulting in pure tin metal.
Gold is much denser than sand or other minerals commonly found in ore. When panning or sluicing, the gold will settle to the bottom due to its high density, allowing it to be separated from the other lighter materials.
Concentrating an ore is when you remove all the sand, rocks and other useless material from the ore. All ores are concentrated so that the percentage of the metal in it is increased.
ore
In quartz and it is separated by crushing the ore.
It is initially done manually. In that you pick out the gold from the other rocks. After that there are various acids and chemicals that dissolve the gold and separate it from the other material
A magnet is used to separate iron from non-ferrous material in the pulverized ore.
Metal-bearing rocks are called ore. They contain valuable metals that can be extracted and refined for various industrial purposes. Examples include iron ore, copper ore, and gold ore.
The waste material that must be separated from an ore is known as gangue. Gangue is the material that does not contain any valuable minerals and is typically removed during the process of ore extraction and purification.
Borax is used in the process of extracting gold from ore as a flux to help separate gold from other minerals. It helps to lower the melting point of the gold, allowing it to be easily separated from the ore.