You need to go to a lawyer or an atorny, fill in the paper work and submit it. After a while, you'll get your patent.
trademark
Trademarking a proverb depends on if you are the original owner of the text. When old proverbs have been in the public domain for so long they cannot be copyrighted.
There was no single "original invention".
Firstly, conduct a patent search to check that your invention is new and not already patented. Once you know your invention is unique, file your patent with the US patent and trademark office.
The original rightsholders would retain the rights to the patented and trademarked materials. If you have not added anything original, there is nothing more to protect.
duct tape
To get an invention patented in the United States, one must fill out an application form. The forms are available on the United States Patent and Trademark Office website.
There are two: whether there is a need for their invention, and is their invention original.
How about Flying Chairs =D If someone suggested an invention and you subsequently used it it would not be original, you need to think of something yourself. The most others can do is suggest areas you could consider but the invention, to be original needs to be your own
Typically you would want to protect your product through trademark or (if it's an invention) patent law, rather than copyright. The US Patent and Trademark Office has very clear walkthroughs on its website (link below); outside the US, your country's trademark and/or patent office likely has a similar process.
To find a patent number for a specific invention, you can search the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) website. Use keywords related to the invention to locate the patent in the database. The patent number will be listed on the patent document once you find it.
To file a patent for your invention, you need to submit a detailed application to the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). This application should include a description of your invention, drawings or diagrams, and claims that define the scope of your invention. You may also need to conduct a patent search to ensure your invention is unique. Once your application is submitted, it will be reviewed by a patent examiner, and if approved, you will be granted a patent for your invention.