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Transition elements contain 2 outermost shells incompleted including the valence shell. But when it reacts with other, it shares,gives or accepts elctrons from its inner shells.
Because they determine how the element will combine with other elements
When these elements have five electrons on the outermost shell of electrons.
The term transition metal has two possible meanings: In the past it referred to any element in the d-block of the periodic table, which includes groups 3 to 12 on the periodic table. All elements in the d-block are metals. The modern, IUPAC definition states that a transition metal is "an element whose atom has an incomplete d sub-shell, or which can give rise to cations with an incomplete d sub-shell."
Well, all the halogens have 7 valence electrons, the ones in the outermost shell, so elements like fluorine, iodine, and chlorine all need 1 electron to fulfill their octet and become stable.
Elements with incomplete valance shell as well as incomplete penultimate shell are called transition elements.
Transition elements contain 2 outermost shells incompleted including the valence shell. But when it reacts with other, it shares,gives or accepts elctrons from its inner shells.
d block elements, transition metals, transition elements are synonyms.The definition of d block after the IUPAC recommendation is "an element whose atom has a partially filled d sub-shell, or which can give rise to cations with an incomplete dsub-shell".
Transition elements are called transition elements because the electrons in these elements are not in process of filling valence(outermost ) shell instead they are, in case of d-block elements, in process of filling penultimate shell. and in case of f- block elements, electrons are in process of filling next to the penultimate shell.
4.See the Related Questions for how to determine the number of electrons in the outermost shell of all the elements!
By the outermost shell of electrons
Elements in same period have same shell. The electron enters outermost shell.
they are determined by the outermost shell of electrons
Inert gases
Group 3 is part of the transition metal series. This means that the number of outer shell electrons the element has will depend on its oxidation state.
The number of electrons in the outermost energy shell is usually used in finding the valency of a given element. For instance elements that have two electrons in the outermost energy shell have valency 2.
It may include lawrencium, actinium, lutetium, or lanthanum.The whole group is copernicium (No. 112), rutherfordium, roentgenium, molybdenum, niobium, palladium, vanadium, iridium, seaborgium, zirconium, titanium, ruthenium, meitnerium, technetium, darmstadtium, tantalum, manganese, platinum, mercury, rhodium, scandium, cadmium, chromium, osmium, hafnium, rhenium, bohrium, hassium, yttrium, cobalt, nickel, copper, iron, tungsten, silver, gold, and zinc.