1. The Persians were unable to match the Macedonian phalanx.
2. Alexander had a strong cavalry arm to match the Persians' cavalrt and used light infantry to maintain a link between cavalry and phalanx so the the Persians could not turn the flanks of the phalanx.
3 it was a superior combination.
Alexander the Great .
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The Persians he promoted to take leadership roles over the heads of dissident Macedonians.
Yes - the Persians in the 6th Century BCE, the Macedonians in the 4th Century BCE.
In Persia. He married the Persian Roxanne. He also arranged for his generals to marry Persians in a move to integrate his new empire with this marriage between Persians and Macedonians.
The Battle of Issus - a battle between Alexander the Great and King Darius .
He defeated the Persians at the battle of issus.
Alexander the Great defeated Darius, king of Persia in 331 BCE. This was at the battle Gaugamela, he did march through Bactria in 329 BCE, but he had already defeated the Persians.
Granicus, then Isus, then Gaugamela.
Granicus
Notably , it was Alexander the great , the king of Macedon who defeated the Persian king Darius the 3rd .
Alexander the Great defeated Persia and absorbed the minor territory of Judea in the process.