It was measured with a nilometer.
The nilometer measured the rise of the Nile River during floods. Knowing where the Nile River was going to flood was crucial for knowing where to plant crops and where to build houses.
The Nile and White Nile Rivers after the annual floods.
Every time the Nile floods, it provides many natural gifts. The Nile is a long rive that floods not only Egypt, but Ethiopia and Sudan.
The Nile River floods every year.
They were farming
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What kept Memphis safe from the Nile flood
The Nile River floods were predictable and gentle, bringing fertile silt for agriculture, while the floods of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers were unpredictable and often destructive, leading to the development of complex irrigation systems in Mesopotamia to manage the water. The Nile floods were caused by summer rains in Ethiopia, while the floods in Mesopotamia were due to winter snowmelt in the mountains.
Floods are measured by a known level of depth. If the water level is over that depth, it may be considered a flood.
floods
farms depend on the Nile for the rich soils and fertility it brings when it floods !