It started with a man with an idea. This man then got someone else to build a machine according to this idea. Early bicycles were made out of wood and steel mainly, and built by carpenters and cart makers. Once the first build was done, either the first guy, or someone else would find flaws in the design and think "I can do better". Then another version was made. And so it went on until we arrived at bicycles as they look now.
norco bikes made in Canada
probably in taiwan where most bikes are made
Shozo Kawasaki made dirt bikes.
The Ideal Bikes Factory is made in Patra,Greece
They are made of metal.
Made in China.
BMX started in the USA, so the first bikes were built there.
You can scroll the internet for American made recumbent bikes. One such company is Linear.
Most mountain bikes are made from Aluminum, some are made from carbon fiber and older bikes are made from steel. Quality, weight and strength vary hugely by manufacturer with most high end bikes claiming unique methods which either reduce weight, improve strength or both.
They are made in Japan.
Cervelo Bikes are made in Canada
Basically the same as road bikes, but with thicker tubes and bigger welds.