they were powered by gunpowder
1000AD or so.
The first gunpowder-powered rockets were developed in Song China, by the 13th century.
Here's a rephrasing: How are rockets powered, by fuel? Yes, that's pretty much correct.
in hills
By nuclear fuel
small air powered motors
Germany
The first rockets were firework's built by the Chinese
Three main types of rockets that power modern spacecrafts are liquid-propellant rockets, solid-propellant rockets, and hybrid rockets. Liquid-propellant rockets use liquid fuel and oxidizer, solid-propellant rockets use solid fuel and oxidizer mixed together, and hybrid rockets use a combination of solid and liquid propellants.
Italy did not use rocket missile or rocket-powered aircraft in World War II. They may well have fired off mortar shells which were and are essentially rockets- but so did most of the combatants. Italy had some neat submarines, but not rockets.
Soyuz spacecraft are powered by Semyorka rockets.
Tiny models, Missles, Space probes, and Rocket-powered jet packs.