In 14,000 years from now, the sun's output may have changed by a few percent,
or our average distance from it may have changed slightly. Either of those changes
would have a profound effect on the Earth's average climate.
But the precession of the rotation axis has no effect on the climate or the seasons.
No single star points towards Polaris.
The Little Dipper (Ursa Minor) can be just about anywhere depending on your location, the season and the time of day that you are looking at it. It appears quite close to Polaris (the North star) and points toward Polaris.
In North America, the season when the north pole points toward the sun is Summer.
In North America, the season when the north pole points toward the sun is Summer.
Currently the Earth's pole points toward Polaris in Ursa Minor. 5000 years ago it pointed towards Vega.
Summer
winter
The North Pole points toward the North Star, also known as Polaris. This star sits almost directly above the Earth's true North Pole, making it a useful navigational tool for determining direction.
it is summer in the northern hemisphere and winter in the Southern Hemisphere.
The north end of the earth's axis points toward a point in the sky that's a little less than 1/3 of a degree from Polaris. That's why, as close as we can tell by our eyes, Polaris appears to mark the north pole of the sky, everything else we can see appears to circle Polaris, and we call Polaris the 'North Star'. The south end of the earth's axis points to a spot in the southern sky with no comparably bright star nearby to mark it.
If Earth's axis were to point away from Polaris and towards Vega, the North Star would change, leading to a shift in the orientation of the seasons. This change in axial alignment would affect the angle at which sunlight hits different parts of the Earth, potentially altering the duration and intensity of seasons in each hemisphere. Additionally, it would impact the patterns of daylight and darkness across the planet.
The Big Dipper always points toward the North Star, also known as Polaris. This makes it a useful tool for navigation, as it can help you find north in the night sky.