lipid bilayer
a lipid bilayer
lipid bilayer ------ Actually, this is not necessarily true. What 'clusters' form is going to depend on not only the concentration of the lipids in solution, but what the composition of the solution is as well. Generally, lipids in a water-solution (or a salt solution, or buffer, or whatever it may be) will first form micelles, ie. lipid monolayers where the tails all face inwards, to prevent their hydrophobic tails from being exposed to the aqueous environment. Depending on the conditions of the solution, they may form liposomes (ie. micelles that have a double layer rather than a monolayer), or sheets of phospholipid bilayers. The ends of the latter option, however, are energetically unfavorable. If your lipids are in an oil solution, then you are going to see the formation of inverse-micelles, where the tails face out towards the lipophilic (hydrophobic) environment, and the hydrophilic head groups are going to face inwards. ------
My A&P book states: Cells, of course make more than proteins---they also synthesize glycogen, fat, steroids, phospholipids, pigments, and many other compounds. There are no genes for these cell products, and yet their synthesis is under indirect genetic control. How? They are produced by enzymatic reactions, and enzymes are proteins encoded by genes. A&P by Saladin 5th edition
exothermic
They supply a large surface area for protein synthesis.They also produce phospholipids.
It holds ribosomes and give space for protein synthesis.It produce glycol proteins and phospholipids.
No, the light reactions produce high-energy molecules (ATP and NADPH) while the Calvin cycle, which is part of the light-independent reactions, uses these molecules to produce three-carbon sugars through carbon fixation.
Burning.
Salt and water
Metabolic reactions produce energy (ATP), which is used by the body for various functions such as growth, repair, and movement. They also produce waste products that need to be eliminated from the body.
It holds ribosomes and give space for protein synthesis.It produce glycol proteins and phospholipids.
Yes, most chemical reactions that give off light also produce heat. This phenomenon is known as chemiluminescence, where the energy released during the reaction is emitted as both light and heat. However, not all reactions that produce light necessarily produce heat, as some reactions can be endothermic and absorb heat instead.