http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_citizenship#Descent_from_a_German_parent
Passports are only issued to citizens of the country concerned. For German citizenship. what is decisive is the parents' citizenship, not the country of birth.
The child will have dual citizenship in Canada and America. It depends on why the couple was in Germany. If he was stationed there for military reasons, the child will have no type of German citizenship.
He was born in the Austrian part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, so he was Austrian. However, he renounced his Austrian citizenship in 1925, and naturalized as a citizen of Germany in February 1932.
If you hold German citizenship, whether dual or not, then there are no occupancy requirements.
no
Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, so he was a German citizen. However, due to the rise of the Nazi-party in Germany in 1933, Einstein escaped to America. In 1940 he received his American Citizenship and continued to live in America until his death in 1955.
He moved to Germany and got German citizenship.
Assume the question applies for today. If your parents are German and you were born in US, then you are an American, but you also hold duel citizenship in US and Germany until you reach the age of 18.
Adolf Hitler was originally from Austria. He emigrated to Germany and gained citizenship there in 1932.
the Nuremberg laws.
Citizenship law is complicated, so get advice in Germany or from your nearest German consulate.
No. The US 'officially doesn't 'recognize' additional citizenship(s) a US citizen may have.