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Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by either of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor. The disease is also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera, derived from varius ("spotted") or varus ("pimple"). The disease was originally known in English as the "pox" or "red plague"; the term "smallpox" was first used in Britain in the 15th century to distinguish variola from the "great pox" (syphilis). The last naturally occurring case of smallpox (Variola minor) was diagnosed on 26 October 1977. This is the only virus that has been totally eradicated, but there are samples still left in some government hands. These are called the 'Terror in the Freezer' since many people are no longer vaccinated for this disease. Placing this virus in a weapon form, could wipe out millions of people.

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