pasta
IMPOSSIBLE.
Carrots, definitely.
I think the answer to this depends on how long "the rest of your life" is going to be.
i would pick neither xD
If the atmosphere on mars was able to sustain life, then yes you would be able to eat there, assuming you had some food.
Afghan's eat food, sorry don't know the rest
If there were Inuits working at one of the laboratories in Antarctica, they would eat what the rest of the research team would eat. There are few examples of canned or freeze-dried delicacies. See link
The popular food who would eat...?
the rest of the food pyrmid
food
Yes, if you are going to eat nothing but that for the rest of your life.
Yes, you can, provided the rest of what you eat is healthy and you don't eat too much junk food.