Yes, they can arrest you if you pose a threat to society or if you have broken the law, it is at the digression of the law to make an arrest if they need to be arrested. However, they have to get a lawyer back at the station so they can be prepared for a court case if needed.
Generally no. In most cases, if you are lawfully stopped and questioned, you are only legally required to provide identifying information about yourself.
Added: However - consider this - depending on the reason you were stopped, your refusal to answer their questions COULD establish a "reasonable suspicion" and/or probable cause" that you may be involved in some type of offense which they are investigating.
If the police officer is asking you to consent to questioning, you may legally refuse.
If the officer has reasonable suspicion to detain you, you are obligated to answer non-incriminating questions.
If you are a suspect a warrant can be issued for your arrest. They have 48 hours to book you and request prosecution for whatever crime you are suspected of committing. If there is not enough evidence to charge you you must be released after 48 hours. .
Yes, although it is generally for the incident under investigation and not for failing to answer.
an arrest warrant.
no, you can not. but police can arrest you.
The police can arrest you ANYWHERE.
When the police must read you your Miranda rights is murky at best. They must read them at some point before your custodial interrogation. That is, after they arrest you but before they ask you any questions pertaining to the crime you are suspected of. If you are arrested, the best option is not answer any questions without an attorney. When they ask you if you understand your rights, say no. When they ask you what part you don't understand, say you don't understand any of them. After that, clam up.
You could try a citizen's arrest but the police man may refuse to be arrested. It is only a warranted police officer that is empowered by society to forcibly arrest someone.
Police officers can arrest you
No
The police decided to arrest the suspect after gathering enough evidence of the crime.
Yes, of course. An arrest warrant is a command from a judge to arrest a person. Usually a police officer has no choice and must arrest.
They arrest you if you have possesion of it.
Yes
There is no such thing as an illegal argument so the illegal police will not arrest you.