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calcite
calcite
The Mohs scale definition of hardness is that a harder material has the ability to scratch a softer material. So (according to the Mohs definition) one material can scratch another one because it is harder.
Glass has a hardness of 5.5 Minerals with hardness nearest to that of glass include apatite, which is slightly softer than glass with a hardness of 5.0, and orthoclase, which is slightly harder than glass with a hardness of 6.0.
There is a scale of mineral hardness therefore obviously some will be softer than "4" and others harder because "4" is jut one point on that scale.
calcite
On the Mineral Scale: 2 General Hardness: Softer than the human finger nail
No. Gypsum has a hardness on the Mohs scale of 2. Topaz has a hardness on the Mohs scale of 8. This means that topaz ranks much harder than gypsum and that gypsum cannot scratch topaz. Please do not refer to these numbers as absolute hardness. This does not mean that topaz is 4 times as hard as gypsum since they are ranked 8 and 2. The Mohs scale only designates a hardness scale of 1 through 10 so that geologists and mineralogists in the field have a quick way of determining a mineral's identity or eliminating possible options of what the mineral may be.
The hardness of francium is not known.
limestone
calcite
The Mohs scale definition of hardness is that a harder material has the ability to scratch a softer material. So (according to the Mohs definition) one material can scratch another one because it is harder.
Glass has a hardness of 5.5 Minerals with hardness nearest to that of glass include apatite, which is slightly softer than glass with a hardness of 5.0, and orthoclase, which is slightly harder than glass with a hardness of 6.0.
Calcite (CaCO3).
A ruby is a form of the mineral corundum. The Mohs hardness scale lists the following from softer to harder: Talc - 1 Gypsum - 2 Calcite - 3 Fluorite - 4 Apatite - 5 Feldspar - 6 Quartz - 7 Topaz - 8 Corundum (which includes the ruby) - 9 Diamond - 10 Ruby has a Mohs hardness of 9.
A ruby is a mineral corundum. The Mohs hardness scale lists the following from softer to harder: Talc - 1 Gypsum - 2 Calcite - 3 Fluorite - 4 Apatite - 5 Feldspar - 6 Quartz - 7 Topaz - 8 Corundum (which includes the ruby) - 9 Diamond - 10 Ruby has a Mohs hardness of 9.
On the Mohs hardness scale, Stibnite is about 2 while fingernails are about 2.2-2.5. This means that stibnite is softer than a fingernail, but only slightly.