J.K. Rowling also mentions that the house elf magic is totally different which allows them to apparate and disapparate inside Hogwarts.
Hogwarts itself wasn't attacked, but the people inside it were. The final battle between Harry and Voldemort took place at Hogwarts leaving much of the castle damaged.
There are seven secret passages leading out of Hogwarts, and multiple others varied inside of Hogwarts. The Vanishing Cabinets, one located at Hogwarts and the other at Borgen and Burkes, could also be considered a passageway, but is not written in on the Marauders Map.
it looks like hogwarts but with half the building missing and some ash flying around xx
In the "Room of Requirement", a secret room located inside Hogwarts.
The books contained many continuity errors when it came to the locations of things inside Hogwarts. The Harry Potter Lexicon and the Harry Potter Wikia are the best places to find the most information but there is no one floor plan to Hogwarts.
During The Battle of Hogwarts, Harry went to: inside the Room of Requirement, through the halls of Hogwarts, in the Shrieking Shack and in the Forbidden Forest.
It is never stated.
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In the book there are explosions which would lead to fires but Hogwarts was still standing and everybody could remain inside. In the film however, there is a promotional poster which shows Hogwarts burning so quite possibly it burns in the film.
hogwarts grounds but mostly inside the castle. Is this the answer you are looking for? Sorry if you aren't.
Yes
The girls (and boys) dormitories are all located inside the common room of each house.