The best Science Fiction stories have at their heart some scientific principle either illustrated or extrapolated upon. Such as
If I were to write a Science Fiction story I would first chose a principle and build a story around it.
Because it has an element of science in it.
The Lottery would fall in that broad grey area that separates Science Fiction from regular fiction.It all comes down to how you define science fiction:Hard science fiction: Inclusion of the physical sciences: physics, chemistry, biology, nuclear science, astrophysics etc. In this case The Lottery would not be science fiction.Soft science fiction: Exploitation of the humanities: sociology, anthropology, Law, etc. In this case The Lottery could be considered Science Fiction.Interpolation and extrapolation. In this case The Lottery could be science fiction if it were constrained to the realm of soft science fiction."What If" Easily science fiction as no great 'forgiveness' for scientific deviations are made in this story."Utopia / Dystopia" Yes easily science fiction."Gadgetry Science Fiction" no.Science Fiction is that body of work to which we point when referencing the genera. I'm sure that there are many people who would be willing to include the Lottery as science fiction.
Speculative Fiction - the anemic cousin of Science Fiction
No, you would call it fantasy, not science fiction.
I would say FICTION.
Some would say that science fiction excludes fantasy but Arthur C. Clarke said, "Any significantly advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic. Science fiction authors have mixed science fiction with all other forms of literature. There are science fiction lyrics to songs, science fiction poetry, science fiction mixed with humor, science fiction mixed with westerns, science fiction mixed with romance.
In a science fiction story, the setting is often such a part of the plot that you might even think of it as a character. What would Star Wars be without the alien planets and outer space? Or the Pern novels without the planet and the destructive Threads?
The many definitions of Science Fiction allow for broad inclusions however any 'good' science fiction would include interpolations and extrapolations on reality.
The opposite of Science Fiction would be science fact.
Most likely Science Fiction, because of the concept of the vampire.
A real forest is science non fiction. If something is written about trees becoming sentient and interacting with people, that would be science fiction.
"Water" is not a distinct genre; it can be incorporated into various genres such as science fiction, fantasy, mystery, or literary fiction. The genre of the story would largely depend on the plot, themes, and style of writing employed by the author.