"Momentum is conserved if no net external force acts.
If you consider just the falling object (you that is), there is an external force acting on it - gravity. So there is no violation of conservation of momentum here.
On the other hand, if you consider the falling you and the earth as two interacting objects, then there is no net external force, just the internal gravitational forces acting between you and the earth. So you and the earth gain equal but opposite amounts of momentum, and momentum is conserved."
http://intranet.emmawillard.org/Science/physicscqanswers.html
no because u have a constant acceleration acting on u in the form of gravity
No, because the conservation momentum principle is only valid when none force is applied. And here you have the gravity force.
yes
It is the idea of a machine continuously producing energy, without energy input - or producing more energy than what is put into the machine. This would violate the First Law of Thermodynamics (conservation of energy), and in general, it is not believed to be possible. No process is known which violates the conservation of energy. (A "perpetual motion machine of the second kind" would violate the Second Law of Thermodynamics; this is generally believed to be impossible, too.)
yes
Total angular momentum is always conserved - there is no way you can violate that law. So, the answer is yes.
No, because the conservation momentum principle is only valid when none force is applied. And here you have the gravity force.
yes
No. As a ball accelerates toward the Earth, the Earth is also accelerating to the ball. The Earth's acceleration is much too small to be detectable. But multiplied by the Earth's large mass, it is equal and opposite to the increase in the ball's momentum.
It is the idea of a machine continuously producing energy, without energy input - or producing more energy than what is put into the machine. This would violate the First Law of Thermodynamics (conservation of energy), and in general, it is not believed to be possible. No process is known which violates the conservation of energy. (A "perpetual motion machine of the second kind" would violate the Second Law of Thermodynamics; this is generally believed to be impossible, too.)
It isn't entirely clear what you mean with "perpetual machine". If you mean the old dream of the "perpetuum mobile", such a machine would violate the Law of Conservation of Energy; there are various reasons to assume that this law can't be violated:* Despite lots of attempts, by thousands of ingenious inventors, and over centuries, nobody has managed to violate Conservation of Energy so far. * Violating Conservation of Energy would also violate lots of other laws of physics, which are generally considered to be true. For example, Conservation of Mass, and Conservation of Momentum. * By Nöther's Theorem, the possibility that the amount of energy changes over time would be equivalent to the laws of physics changing over time! - Nowadays, the Law of Conservation of Energy is normally derived from Nöther's Theorem.
no Nothing violates that law.
yes
no Nothing violates that law.
No, nothing can violate the law of conservation of energy, it's a law! Energy can convert to mass, and mass can convert to energy, but the overall total of mass and energy in the universe is constant.
no it does not violate the law of conservation of energy as energy is not lost/destroyed but transferred to the brakes of the truck.
Total angular momentum is always conserved - there is no way you can violate that law. So, the answer is yes.
Well, not directly, since there is nothing "against" which Earth is rotating; nothing where you can hold on to, to slow Earth down. Of course you can't get energy without slowing Earth down, since that would violate Conservation of Energy. And just slowing down Earth by itself, without affecting other objects in the Universe, would violate Conservation of Rotational Momentum. However, the tidal energy is indirectly a result of Earth's revolution.