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The term distantly related describes life forms that share common ancestors. Distantly related organisms share trace amounts of common DNA.
A branching tree
When two organisms are notably dissimilar, such as a cow and a yeast, we can safely conclude that they are very distantly related. Organisms that are more similar to each other, such as a cow and a deer, are more closely related to each other.
Chimpanzees
Branching tree diagrams (or cladograms) attempt to show the ancestral relationships between species. The groupings indicate relatedness - closely grouped organisms will be more closely related (sharing a more recent common ancestor) than organisms which descend from earlier divisions, which will be further away on the cladogram.
The term distantly related describes life forms that share common ancestors. Distantly related organisms share trace amounts of common DNA.
DNA
Binomial nomenclature and phylogeny both have to do with organisms. The former refers to the modern scientist's system for naming organisms. The latter is about how an organism evolved over time.
A branching tree
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Convergent evolution, or convergence theory.
Kingdom and phylogeny are related because they both have to do with facts about the organism.
I think you mean phylogeny. Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a species or group of related species.
Because rates of divergence are not static, but variable. The more distantly related the organisms, the longer the period of divergence. The longer the period of divergence, the more room there is for variability in the rate of divergence, the less accurate an estimate will be.
dog and wolf
dog and wolf
6 of 9 oligo are shown on the cladogram with functionally related genes.