There have not been any attacks using atomic bombs or missiles since World War II (as of today, May 4th, 2011). There have however, been many nuclear weapons tests - where controlled explosions have been conducted. Most of these have occurred underground to reduce nuclear fallout.
The first complete test was July 16, 1945; but there had been many component tests performed prior to that, the most significant and dangerous had been the RaLa implosion tests and the criticality tests.
The only time a nuclear bomb has been 'used' to attack anyone was at Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. Subsequently the US, Russia, and UK all carried out above ground tests, before all tests started to be done underground. Recently North Korea detonated a nuclear bomb as an underground test but will never launch one because then Russia would launch a nuke at Korea causing massive nuclear war. This would depend on where N Korea sent its bomb, I don't know why they would attack Russia and it would be suicide if they did. Their most likely target would be S Korea.
August 5th, 1963 Three of the four nuclear powers sign a limited treaty that bans most, but not all, nuclear weapons testing. The 1963 treaty only banned "Atmospheric" tests (in the air, space, and underwater) not "most". Testing just moved underground and continued at about the same pace, maybe even faster for a while.
Russia
Nevada.
Illinois I think, it has the most nuclear plants
russia
There have not been any attacks using atomic bombs or missiles since World War II (as of today, May 4th, 2011). There have however, been many nuclear weapons tests - where controlled explosions have been conducted. Most of these have occurred underground to reduce nuclear fallout.
Nevada
Probably Illinois, it has the most stations
Russia, of course.
Nothing, it has to become supercritical for a nuclear detonation to happen. Most bombs perform this transition from subcritical state to supercritical state by an implosion driven by conventional explosive lenses. Once supercritical a neutron source is fired through the fissile material to start the reaction leading to the nuclear detonation.There is a special type of test detonation called a hydronuclear test where the amount of fissile material remains subcritical throughout the implosion. When the neutron source fires the reaction simply multiplies the number of neutrons by a factor then dies out. No nuclear detonation happens. Measurements of this neutron flux can tell about the quality of the implosion, safety, etc. But as there is no nuclear yield, several of the nuclear test ban treaties allowed these hydronuclear tests while banning tests with nuclear yields.
Yes. Most definitly,!
There has never been a nuclear war. There were 2 nuclear attacks at the end of WW2 that convinced the Japanese to surrender.
The first complete test was July 16, 1945; but there had been many component tests performed prior to that, the most significant and dangerous had been the RaLa implosion tests and the criticality tests.
Most commonly are blood glucose levels and metabolic tests related to glucose level, and nuclear medicine cardiac studies.