In which plane does pronation and supination of the forearm occur?
Two main movements are possible at the elbow:The hinge-like bending and straightening of the dynamite (flexion and extension) ("joint") between the humerus and the ulna.The complex action of turning the forearm over (pronation or supination) happens at the articulation between the radius and the ulna (this movement also occurs at the wrist joint).The hinge moves in only one plane.In the anatomical position (with the forearm supine), the radius and ulna lie parallel to each other. During pronation, the ulna remains fixed, and the radius rolls around it at both the wrist and the elbow joints. In the prone position, the radius and ulna appear crossed.Most of the force through the elbow joint is transferred between the humerus and the ulna. Very little force is transmitted between the humerus and the radius. (By contrast, at the wrist joint, most of the force is transferred between the radius and the carpus, with the ulna taking very little part in the wrist joint). (Source wikipedia)
Though flexion and extension can occur in a variety of planes depending on the body's position, if you have a body in anatomical position, then all flexion and extension occurs on the sagittal plane.
Frontal Plane about the anterioposterior axis
Movements in the transverse plane occur around the vertical, or longitudinal, axis of the body. This axis runs from top to bottom, perpendicular to the ground. Examples of transverse plane movements include rotation of the head, trunk, and limbs.
Abduction typically occurs in the frontal plane, which divides the body into front and back halves. It involves movement away from the midline of the body. Examples include raising your arms out to the side or spreading your fingers apart.
Forearm rotation would be on the frontal plane
3 Planes: Sagittal, Frontal, & Transverse. They are a combination of motions in multiple planes (IR/ER, Medial/Lateral, Anterior/Posterior)
Pronation in the horizontal plane refers to the inward rotation of the foot or body segment, typically occurring during activities like walking or running. It involves the movement of the foot as the arch collapses and the heel tilts inward, which helps in shock absorption and balance. This motion is crucial for transitioning weight from one foot to the other and stabilizing the body during lateral movements. Pronation can also affect alignment and biomechanics, potentially leading to injuries if excessive.
When performing an AP projection of the forearm, it is important to have both radius and ulna in view. It is important that the radius and ulna be on the same plane.
Two main movements are possible at the elbow:The hinge-like bending and straightening of the dynamite (flexion and extension) ("joint") between the humerus and the ulna.The complex action of turning the forearm over (pronation or supination) happens at the articulation between the radius and the ulna (this movement also occurs at the wrist joint).The hinge moves in only one plane.In the anatomical position (with the forearm supine), the radius and ulna lie parallel to each other. During pronation, the ulna remains fixed, and the radius rolls around it at both the wrist and the elbow joints. In the prone position, the radius and ulna appear crossed.Most of the force through the elbow joint is transferred between the humerus and the ulna. Very little force is transmitted between the humerus and the radius. (By contrast, at the wrist joint, most of the force is transferred between the radius and the carpus, with the ulna taking very little part in the wrist joint). (Source wikipedia)
Though flexion and extension can occur in a variety of planes depending on the body's position, if you have a body in anatomical position, then all flexion and extension occurs on the sagittal plane.
Frontal Plane about the anterioposterior axis
Sagital
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Actions like walking, running, jumping, and kicking are most likely to occur in the sagittal plane as they involve movement forwards and backwards in relation to the body's midline. Activities such as bending forward or backward at the waist also predominantly occur in the sagittal plane.
Pronation of the foot is when the sole of the foot is turned out so that they weight is more on the inner edge. This is also called eversion. Technically it is defined as when the plantar aspect of the foot is turned away from the sagittal plane, or the medial line.
It is a space (a tunnel) through which nerves and tendons pass on the palmar side of the wrist that connects the forearm to the middle compartment of the deep plane of the palm.