Please see our two articles in The International Journal of the Humanities: Mosig, Yozan D. and Imene Belhassen (2006), "Revision and Reconstruction in the Punic Wars: Cannae Revisited" and Mosig, Yozan D. and Imene Belhassen (2007), "Revision and Reconstruction in the Second Punic War: Zama--Whose Victory?" Although the first article details the reasons for Hannibal's victory as well as why he did not immediately march on Rome in the aftermath, the second paper (just published) offers a comparison of the battles of Cannae and Zama with additional information. Best wishes for 2008!
The Battle of Cannae took place in 216 B.C during the Second Punic War. Hannibal Barca, leading the Carthaginian forces, outmaneuvered the Roman army, commanded by Lucius Aemilius Paullus and Gaius Terentius Varro. The Carthaginians surrounded and annihilated the larger Roman army, causing heavy casualties, including the loss of around 70,000 Roman soldiers. This battle is famous for Hannibal's innovative and effective use of double envelopment strategy.
Even after Carthage had been destroyed, people still thought of him with fear. A defeat like Cannae was not lightly forgotten.
Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.
he was defeated in Carthage at the battle of zama, by Scipio Africanus
He lost 8: 1st Nola 2nd Nola 3rd Nola 2nd Tarentum 2nd Capua Battle of Grumentum Battle of Zama Battle of the Eurymedon River(commanded Seleucid Navy)
The Romans returned to their original strategy, rather than changing it. Quintus Fabius Maximus had chosen a strategy of attrition. This consisted in avoiding open battle with Hannibal and instead pursuing his with hit and run guerrilla tactics. The aim was to wear Hannibal down in the long run in recognition of the fact that Hannibal was liable to rout the Roman armies in an open battle. This strategy was unpopular with many Romans who saw it as cowardly and who hoped for a decisive victory that would end the war quickly. The magnitude of the rout at Cannae convinced these dissenters that a quick victory was out of the question and that the strategy of Quintus Fabius was wise. After Cannae there were no major battles between Rome and Hannibal. Instead, the Romans concentrated on defeating their allies in Southern Italy who switched to supporting Hannibal after the Cannae to deprive him of this support and on repressing revolts in Sicily. They succeeded in this. Hannibal was dealt a blow when his brother Hasdrubal was intercepted and his army was routed in central Italy. Hasdrubal was bringing reinforcements and siege machines from Spain to Hannibal in southern Italy. Without these reinforcements and machines Hannibal could not sustain his war effort. Moreover, Carthage refused to sent reinforcements with its navy. Hannibal ended up withdrawing to the easily defensible mountains of Calabria (the toe of Italy) and was stuck there for the last three years of his Italian campaign.
That Hannibal was a superior general to the Romans
The Romans were decisively defeated with heavy casualties at the battles of Trebia , Lake of Trasimene and Cannae .
The Battle of Cannae took place on August 2, 216 BC. It was a massive victory of Hannibal over the Romans.
It was the Romans under the command of Publius Cornelius Scipio who defeated Hannibal at the battle of Zama in 202 bc.
There were two reasons why the Romans were defeated at the battle of Cannae. One was the military brilliance of Hannibal. He was one of the greatest military geniuses of antiquity. This battle was one of the masterpieces of Hannibal's tactical cleverness. The other was the superiority of Hannibal's cavalry. The Roman cavalry was 1/3 of the size of the infantry. Hannibal's cavalry was 2/3 of its forces. With a superior cavalry, the cavalry could outflank the enemy and attack them from the rear, thus encircling the enemy as the infantry attacked at the front.
Even after Carthage had been destroyed, people still thought of him with fear. A defeat like Cannae was not lightly forgotten.
Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.Hannibal and his Carthaginians were not able to break down the walls of Rome because they never got there. After the loss at Cannae, the Romans changed tactics by not meeting Hannibal in a direct battle, but by small harassing raids. As Hannibal's army was weakened, and no support was coming from Carthage, Hannibal was forced to retreat to the far southern part of Italy.
he was defeated in Carthage at the battle of zama, by Scipio Africanus
Yes, the Battle of Cannae was one of Rome's greatest defeats.Yes, the Battle of Cannae was one of Rome's greatest defeats.Yes, the Battle of Cannae was one of Rome's greatest defeats.Yes, the Battle of Cannae was one of Rome's greatest defeats.Yes, the Battle of Cannae was one of Rome's greatest defeats.Yes, the Battle of Cannae was one of Rome's greatest defeats.Yes, the Battle of Cannae was one of Rome's greatest defeats.Yes, the Battle of Cannae was one of Rome's greatest defeats.Yes, the Battle of Cannae was one of Rome's greatest defeats.
He lost 8: 1st Nola 2nd Nola 3rd Nola 2nd Tarentum 2nd Capua Battle of Grumentum Battle of Zama Battle of the Eurymedon River(commanded Seleucid Navy)
I would say the battle of Cannae (during the second punic war), where Hannibal's smaller force managed to surround and ultimately slaughtered the Romans.
The Romans returned to their original strategy, rather than changing it. Quintus Fabius Maximus had chosen a strategy of attrition. This consisted in avoiding open battle with Hannibal and instead pursuing his with hit and run guerrilla tactics. The aim was to wear Hannibal down in the long run in recognition of the fact that Hannibal was liable to rout the Roman armies in an open battle. This strategy was unpopular with many Romans who saw it as cowardly and who hoped for a decisive victory that would end the war quickly. The magnitude of the rout at Cannae convinced these dissenters that a quick victory was out of the question and that the strategy of Quintus Fabius was wise. After Cannae there were no major battles between Rome and Hannibal. Instead, the Romans concentrated on defeating their allies in Southern Italy who switched to supporting Hannibal after the Cannae to deprive him of this support and on repressing revolts in Sicily. They succeeded in this. Hannibal was dealt a blow when his brother Hasdrubal was intercepted and his army was routed in central Italy. Hasdrubal was bringing reinforcements and siege machines from Spain to Hannibal in southern Italy. Without these reinforcements and machines Hannibal could not sustain his war effort. Moreover, Carthage refused to sent reinforcements with its navy. Hannibal ended up withdrawing to the easily defensible mountains of Calabria (the toe of Italy) and was stuck there for the last three years of his Italian campaign.