Temporary hardness of water: CaHCO3, MgHCO3 Permanent hardness of water: CaSO4, MgSO4
Hardness in water is usually characterised as temporary or permanent. Both are due to the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. If they are present as the hydrogen carbonate, when the water is boiled this is converted to the carbonate which precipitates out as a solid, leaving water which is no longer hard, so this is called temporary hardness. If they are present as the sulfate the solution is unaffected by boiling, and this is called permanent hardness.
As per W.H.O the limit for hardness in water is in between (60-11)mg/L....
between 7 and 8
Presence of bicarbonates of chlorides or sulphates of calcium or magnesium in water are the main causes of hardness of water.
The water supplier can provide you the details on hardness level if you are on municipal water systems, If you are using private water then you can get tested in laboratories. You can even measure it with water hardness testing kits which you need to purchase.
60 -100 ppm is the currently acceptable hardness level for drinking water in US and Canada.60 -100 ppm is the currently acceptable hardness level for drinking water.
If the calcium is a result of pool chemicals, draining some or all of the pool water will lower the calcium hardness level. If the cause is the fill water, commercial hardness reducers or chelating agents will bond with the calcium to keep it trapped in solution.
Its hardness is anisotropic and ranges from 3-4.
Magnesium sulfate (MgSo4) does not cause hardness of water.
Salt is sometimes used to remove water hardness. Borax and soda are generally used as well to remove water hardness.
Temporary hardness of water: CaHCO3, MgHCO3 Permanent hardness of water: CaSO4, MgSO4
3
There are many different levels of hardness in drivers seats. The level of hardness depends on the car and maker.
The highest level on the Mohs hardness scale is a level ten. Diamonds are at a level ten and are also intrusive rocks. However Intrusive rocks can be at almost any level of hardness based on the minerals the rock contains.
Hardness in water is usually characterised as temporary or permanent. Both are due to the presence of calcium or magnesium ions. If they are present as the hydrogen carbonate, when the water is boiled this is converted to the carbonate which precipitates out as a solid, leaving water which is no longer hard, so this is called temporary hardness. If they are present as the sulfate the solution is unaffected by boiling, and this is called permanent hardness.
There are two ways to help control water hardness: use a packaged water softener or use a mechanical water softening unit. Packaged water softeners are chemicals that help control water hardness.