You might as well ask if C is more powerful than assembly language. No it is not. It is simply easier to work with. The same goes for C++. It is not any more powerful than C, but it is much easier to work with. Its power lies in the fact you can produce more complex, more robust and more scalable solutions that much quicker than you can with C alone. But not all projects require the full might of C++, and quite often I revert to C-style coding simply to get the job done. C++ and OOP in particular is not a magic bullet for every problem.
sum = a + b + c;
C++ is a superset of C, with some things changed, so it is more correct to say that learning C is easier than learning C++.
More user friendly than what? Please restate the question.
c. the Phoenicians
They are equally portable. Conditional compilation is supported by both languages.
In C and C++, as well as in many (all?) languages, a function can be called from more than one place in a program. That's the purpose of functions - to encapsulate pieces of code that are needed in more than one place in the program.
5 and a half
In algebraic terms, "6 more than c" can be represented as c + 6. This means you are adding 6 to the value of c. For example, if c = 4, then 6 more than c would be 4 + 6, which equals 10. So, the expression "6 more than c" simply means adding 6 to the value of c.
Yes. Anything that is obtained naturally is much more potent.
C++.
Correct.
There are no advantages of C over C++ as such. Everything you can do in C you can also do in C++. However, by taking advantage of C++ object oriented programming, generic programming and template meta programming as well as C-style coding, you can produce more efficient machine code far more easily and more quickly than with C alone.