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Tolerance to cannabis, and physical dependence, occur to only a minor degree and mainly in heavy users. The abstinence symptoms are similar to those of ethanol or opiate withdrawal, namely nausea, agitation, irritability, confusion, tachycardia, sweating, etc., but are relatively mild and do not result in a compulsive urge to take the drug. Psychological dependence, accompanied by craving, does, however, occur to some extent with cannabis, although it is insufficient to classify cannabis as truly addictive. Self-administration does not occur in animal models, although the CB1-receptor antagonist rimonabant given after treatment with cannabis for a few days induces a withdrawal syndrome in rats similar to opiate withdrawal.

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15y ago

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