Nautical twilight
The kind of twilight you are referring to is known as civil twilight. During civil twilight, the sky is still somewhat illuminated, and it is often the time when outdoor activities can still be carried out without artificial lighting.
When the Sun is 18 degrees below the horizon.
The sun being nine degrees below the horizon indicates that it is in the civil twilight phase. At this point, there is still enough light for most outdoor activities without the need for artificial lighting.
There are three different types of twilight: civil twilight, nautical twilight, and astronomical twilight. Civil twilight occurs when the sun is between 0 to 6 degrees below the horizon, nautical twilight occurs when the sun is between 6 to 12 degrees below the horizon, and astronomical twilight occurs when the sun is between 12 to 18 degrees below the horizon.
Astronomical twilight is the period when the sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon, resulting in a dark blue sky with no sunlight. Night follows astronomical twilight, when the sun is more than 18 degrees below the horizon and the sky is completely dark with no sunlight.
Twilight is when the sun is below the horizon- either has not yet risen, or has just set. Civil twilight- what most people mean when they say twilight- the sun is no more than 6 degrees below the horizon. There is also nautical twilight, where the sun can be as much as 12 degrees below the horizon. That time is used by sailors to take "sightings" on stars with a sextant for navigation. In Nautical twilight, you can see stars, but there is still a visible horizon to use in your sightings.
Twilight is when the sun is below the horizon- either has not yet risen, or has just set. Civil twilight- what most people mean when they say twilight- the sun is no more than 6 degrees below the horizon. There is also nautical twilight, where the sun can be as much as 12 degrees below the horizon. That time is used by sailors to take "sightings" on stars with a sextant for navigation. In Nautical twilight, you can see stars, but there is still a visible horizon to use in your sightings.
There is still light reflecting off the earth's atmosphere after sunset. Officially, twilight ends at 18 degrees below horizon, when it is completely dark, although at 15 degrees it is dark enough!
pretty dark. seriously: is there an empirical measure of darkness, or is this question unanswerable? Obviously this question is about "twilight". There are 3 technical definitions of twilight. The example in this question falls into the category of "nautical twilight" (Sun between 6 and 12 degrees below horizon). The sky should be bright enough for the sea horizon to be visible for navigation purposes. The actual brightness of the sky depends on weather conditions and the direction of observation.
No, astronomical twilight is the darkest stage of twilight where the Sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon. Near the June solstice in Munich, there may be some residual light in the sky even during astronomical twilight due to the high latitude of the location. The sky may not get significantly darker than astronomical twilight on those dates.
The definition of "astronomical twilight" is when the Sun is more than 18 degrees below the horizon. At latitudes above 48.5 degrees, the Sun is less than 18 degrees below the horizon, even looking straight north (or south, for the southern hemisphere) at midnight on the solstice.
At the summer solstice the sun sets on the northern horizon at latitude 66.6 degrees north. At the same time astronomical twilight ends only at latitudes below 48.6 degrees north. It's 66.6 minus 18 because for astronomical twilight to end the Sun's centre must be 18 degrees below the horizon.
No. The southern border of Denmark is at 54 degrees 44 minutes north.Wikipedia sez: "Astronomical twilight is defined to begin in the morning, and to end in the evening when the center of the Sun is geometrically 18 degrees below the horizon."At midnight in the June Solstice, the Sun is at a declination of 23.5 degrees (approximately), so the over-the-pole angular distance is (90-54.5) + (90-23.5) degrees, or 102 degrees. The horizon is 90 degrees, so the Sun is 15 degrees below the northern horizon at midnight on June 21.So, no, it won't meet the definition for "darker than astronomical twilight".