Yes...
is a standard modem considered to be a computer hardware
Modem is a hardware connect your computer with the ISP, then your computer can surf online.
Yes...
its hardware that contains firmware
No. Firmware is a special piece of software on a device that controls it. The modem is considered only a hardware device.
Yes. A modem, even a single chip modem, is a hardware device that modulates ("mo") and demodulates ("dem") analog signals for use in digital devices.
A modem is a piece of hardware. Mechanically installed in a computer to communicate with the internet or other computers. Software is a written program to operate within a computer.
modem
A modem
router/modem
modem
I think the device you're thinking of is a modem. A modem allows a computer to communicate over a phone line.