No its not they are different vegetables.
yes
Carrot is a root vegetable.
No, an iris is not a rhizome. A rhizome is a modified stem that grows horizontally underground and sends out roots and shoots. Irises have a rhizomatous root system, but the iris itself is not a rhizome.
Yes. However technically "root ginger" is a rhizome, not a root.
No, celery is not a root vegetable. It is a stalk vegetable.
Rhizome
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A Root Vegetable.
No, ginger is not a citrus vegetable. It is a root spice derived from the rhizome of the Zingiber officinale plant. Unlike citrus fruits, which belong to the Rutaceae family and are known for their acidic and juicy characteristics, ginger has a distinct spicy flavor and is used primarily for its culinary and medicinal properties.
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is from the root or underground stem (rhizome).
Turmeric root. Rhizome
Perhaps you are searching for "sprout", "radix", "rhizome", or "tuber".