Archeops' power level is 140 while Carracosta's is 108, so Archeops would win in a battle of sheer attack force. Carracosta, however, has 68 higher defense than Archeops and would probably win in an overall battle.
In general, no.
yes
a hurricane or a 10. earthquake
stonger
yes
No, but it's more versatile.
yes
because women can do more things than men
Yes, much stronger.
Archeops is #567 in the national pokedex, and it is a Rock-Flying type Pokemon.
they weren't, but they did hive great military leaders.
4.0 most likely is stronger than 2.5