The solid carbon compounds are mostly molecular solids.
Covalent bonding can occur in solids, such as in diamond where each carbon atom forms covalent bonds with four other carbon atoms. However, in some solids, like metals and ionic compounds, the bonding is mainly metallic or ionic, respectively, due to the different types of interactions between atoms.
Covalent compounds can be solids, liquids or gases.
Organic compounds typically contain covalent bonds, which involve the sharing of electrons between atoms. In terms of solids, organic compounds can form molecular solids, where molecules are held together by intermolecular forces such as Van der Waals forces or hydrogen bonding.
C forms a covalent network solid in the form of diamond. CO2 forms a molecular solid due to the presence of covalent bonds between the carbon and oxygen atoms. Li and O2 do not typically form covalent network solids; Li usually forms metallic solids and O2 forms a molecular solid.
It can be categorised into -Ionic -Covalent molecular -Metallic -Covalent network
Covalent.. A+
Not usually no. However, covalently bonded polymers will often have crystalline domains - these are called spherulites. So the polymer is rarely perfectly amorphous. PET is one such polymer. see related link for more information.
Covalent solids typically have lower melting points than ionic solids because the intermolecular forces holding covalent compounds together are weaker than the ionic bonds in ionic solids. Molecular substances, like water and carbon dioxide, also have lower melting points than ionic solids due to the weaker forces between individual molecules.
Carbon dioxide
Most of the organic compounds are solids, combustible, non polar and insoluble in water.
Ionic solids tend to be the strongest because they have strong electrostatic forces between positively and negatively charged ions. Metallic solids have a delocalized electron sea that allows for high conductivity but not necessarily the same level of strength as ionic solids. Covalent solids have strong covalent bonds but may not be as strong as ionic solids due to the lack of strong electrostatic interactions.
At room temperature and pressure there are gaseous, liquid and solid molecular covalent compounds. Examples Gas: methane, CH4, ethylene, C2H4 Liquid benzene, C6H6, ethanol, C2H5OH Solid: naphthalene, C10H8 The giant molecule covalent compounds such as silica are solids