It began in the area in what is now the state of Israel.
Zionism, specifically Israeli-State Zionism (but as there are no current movements to create a Jewish State in Argentina, Uganda, or Madagascar, the term Zionism is now exclusively used for Israel).
Palestinians come from Palestine.The Palestinians originated from the ancient country of Palestine. Palestine is located in modern-day Israel, the geographical region between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River. Basically, it is the Muslim counterpart of the Jewish Israel.
Jewish communities can be found all over the world. Many Jews consider Israel to be the Jewish "homeland." As of now, the United States of America has the largest Jewish population.
The Jewish people now have the nation of Israel .
Israel technically, the nation of Israel use to be called Palestine, but the Zionists removed the Palestinians and renamed the Israel. The Palestinians are mostly Muslim but there are Christian and some Jewish Palestinians as well
There have been numerous wars that have been fought in whole or in part in the territory now controlled by the Jewish State of Israel. These wars have been fought in numerous different places across the State. You may need to be more specific as to which war you are talking about.
The United States, Israel, and Russia have substantial Jewish populations, and many other countries have some Jewish population.
Israel is a Secular Country and, as a result, has no official religion. However, since Judaism is predominant religion professed by Israelis, Judaism has a pull on governmental affairs. This is no different than how the United States is a Secular Country with no official religion, but Christianity has a pull on government affairs since most Americans profess Christianity. It is a common misconception that because Israel is the Jewish State that the official religion is Judaism. This is a misunderstanding of the term "Jewish" in Jewish State. In this case it refers to Jewish as an ethnic term, so Israel is the Jewish State in the same way that Turkey is the Turkish Republic, as opposed to the way that Iran is the Islamic Republic. In terms of which religions have a presence in Israel, in descending order of population, there are communities of Jews, Muslims, Christians, Druze, Baha'i, and other minor faiths. Israel also has sizable minorities of Agnostics and Atheists.
Jews speak all manner of languages based on where they live, including Arabic. Centuries ago those living in Judea spoke Hebrew or Aramaic and now Hebrew is one of the official languages of Israel, which is the official Jewish state, Arabic is the other official language.
The answer depends on how the question is read:Reading 1: At what time did only Jews and no other people live in Israel?Never. Jewish people have lived in Israel for thousands of years, but there has never been a time when ONLY Jewish people lived within it's borders.Reading 2: At what time did all Jews live exclusively in Israel?The Jewish People lived exclusively in Israel from their early development as a nation (in what is now Israel and the West Bank) up to 586 BCE when the Babylonians conquered the Kingdom of Judah and exiled the Jewish aristocracy to Babylon (and therefore made part of the Jewish community live outside of Israel). Never again did the Jews exclusively live in Israel.
One of the silvernings could be a) The Creation of the State of Israel, b) the unconditional support of Israel by the US and c) the fact that every Jewish (male or female) is now better off than before WW2. There are of course many more silverlinings...