Yes it happens all the time.
Any force will change the velocity but will not affect the mass.
If mass increases, momentum will also increase, assuming velocity remains constant. Momentum is the product of mass and velocity, so an increase in mass would lead to a proportional increase in momentum with a constant velocity.
If the momentum of an object changes while its mass remains constant, then its velocity must have changed accordingly. This relationship is described by the equation momentum = mass x velocity. So, if momentum changes without a change in mass, then velocity must have changed.
Momentum = mass x velocity. Here velocity is constant. So momentum is directly proportional to the mass. Hence as mass decreases momentum too decreases proportionaly. If mass is reduced to half of its original then momentum also gets reduced to half of its original
When mass increases, velocity remains constant if the force applied remains constant. However, if the applied force stays the same, an increase in mass will require more force to achieve the same acceleration, which may lead to a decrease in velocity.
It is not a variable. The equation says that the energy contained in any given mass is equivalent to the mass times the velocity of light squared.
As far as we can tell, it doesn't. Momentum is defined as (mass) times (velocity). There appear to be only two ways in which momentum can decrease: either the mass has to magically evaporate, or else the velocity has to decrease. Since mass conservation is a nearly fundamental law of nature, that leaves us with velocity as the only way to change the momentum of a moving body.
You need to know an object's mass and velocity to determine its momentum. Momentum is calculated as the product of an object's mass and its velocity.
Not necessarily. Impulse Fdt=change in momentum which could be written as mdv (constant mass, velocity changing) or dmv (changing mass, constant velocity - the so-called conveyor belt problem. Imagine a hopper filled with (say) coal is feeding the coal on to a conveyor belt. The mass of the belt increases with time, so a force has to be applied to it to keep it moving at constant velocity.
If the momentum of an object changes and its mass remains constant, then there must have been a change in the object's velocity. This relationship is described by the formula: momentum = mass x velocity. Changing the velocity will result in a change in momentum.
You can't. Acceleration is change in velocity. If given a constant velocity, the acceleration is zero.
The acceleration of an object with constant velocity is zero. It's force will be Mv^2 where M is it's mass and v is it's velocity.
Gravity is a constant force that acts upon objects with mass, causing them to be attracted to each other. While the strength of gravity can vary based on the mass of the objects and their distance apart, it is not considered a variable in itself.