Not precisely. The umbra is the TOTAL part of the shadow. In a total eclipse, where the eclipsing object is spherical, then the "inner" part of the shadow is the umbra, but in a partial eclipse, there IS NO umbra; just the "penumbra", the partial shadow.
The umbra in a shadow is the portion where light from a source is completely blocked. This is in the middle of the shadow. The area around this, where light from part, but not all of the source shines is called the penumbra. In the shadow cast by the moon in an eclipse, the penumbra is the partial shadow that occurs before the total eclipse, and the umbra is the 'total eclipse' portion
The darkest part of a shadows is called the "umbra", which is actually Latin for "shadow". This is where the light source is completely blocked by the occluding body. The person viewing the umbra experiences a total eclipse.
True.
True. The umbra is the central darker total shadow of the Moon. Outside of this area, called the penumbra, is the lighter partial shadow. In this area, you would see a partial or annular eclipse. The umbra and penumbra are cone-shaped areas of full and partial shadow. The solar eclipse of January 14, 2010 (last week, as I write this) the Moon was so far away from the Earth that the umbra didn't reach all the way to the Earth. So the Sun was visible all the way around the Sun; and "annular", or ring-shaped eclipse.
Short answer: True. Long answer: not entirely true as follows: The eclipse event as a whole is visible to anyone within either the umbra or the penumbra, however it appears as truly total only to those within the umbra. That is, those who are not in the umbra are seeing an event that will be called a "total eclipse", just not optimally, as it will appear only partial to them.
true or false? the crust is the earths only solid layer or part
Not strictly true to say that the rotation causes the shadow. Part of the Earth would be shaded from the Sun whether or not the Earth rotated.
True.
the inner planets have rocky surfaces
Yes, Shadow turned super and stopped Black doom.
True.
Amy has a crush on Sonic, not Shadow.