Yes, one part of the moon is always facing towards the sun, and the other side is always facing away from the sun. One side is in constant light and one side is in constant darkness.
No, the moon always has the same side facing toward the earth, and the changing angle of sunlight on the moons face creates the waxing and waning effect we see on the moons surface. The far side of the moon, the side we cannot see from the earth is sometimes eroneously refered to as th dark side of the moon. It is only "dark" in the sense that we cannot see it from here.
The planet experiencing constant daylight or darkness for 42 years at its poles is Uranus. This phenomenon is due to the unique tilt of Uranus's axis, which causes one pole to face the Sun continuously for half of its 84-year orbit, while the other pole is in constant darkness.
No. You may be getting hung up on the terminology; at the "first quarter moon" and "third quarter moon", one HALF of the visible face of the Moon is illuminated. There is no "half moon" phase. One half of the surface of the Moon is illuminated by the Sun at ALL times, except during a lunar eclipse; during a total lunar eclipse, none of the Moon's surface is in the sunlight. The rest of the time, half of the Moon is in sunlight, and the other half is in darkness. From our perspective on Earth, we see "phases" as the Moon goes around the Earth and we see it from different angles.
The waxing phase of the moon when you can see half of the lighted side is called the First Quarter Moon. During this phase, the moon is positioned at a right angle to the Earth and sun, resulting in half of its surface being illuminated. This occurs approximately one week after the New Moon phase, marking the transition from darkness to increasing light.
full moon
Yes, half of the moon is always lit because it faces the sun.
The object that blocks the moon when there is a half moon is the moon itself. The moon is a sphere, so only one half of it can be sunlit at any moment. The other half is dark just because the sun is below the horizon for that half of the moon. And when we see a half moon, we are simply looking at the moon just as the line of sunrise/sunset cuts across the moon's diameter.
Waxing crescent
The Half Moon Cay Restort is located in The Bahamas. Cruises to Half Moon Cay are available from the Carnival Website or from the Trip Advisor Website.
This is either a "First Quarter" or a "Third Quarter" Moon.
The waxing moon phase is when the moon is transitioning from new moon to full moon, and the illuminated portion of the moon is growing larger each night. During this phase, we can see more than half of the moon's lighted side from Earth.
Half of the Moon you cannot see because it faces away from Earth. Half of the side you could see is in darkness at "half Moon". That makes 3/4 of the Moon invisible and 1/4 visible. Hence "a quarter Moon" is visible. Another viewpoint: No, that's not really the answer. This is the answer: Let's start with "New Moon". Later, at "Full Moon", the Moon is halfway through its cycle of phases. Halfway between these two phases we see a half Moon. That's called the "first quarter" phase, because the Moon is a quarter of the way through its phases. So, that's why we see the half Moon at a "quarter" phase. It does cause confusion.