In geology salt (NaCl, halite) is considered as impermeable.
I assume you mean semi-permerable membrane that is permeable to the solution (water) but not the solute (salt). Osmosis can only occur if the membrane does NOT allow salt to pass through. Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low salt concentration to higher salt concentration.
If the membrane is permeable to NaCl, it is expected that salt is transported from the liquid with high salt content, trough the membrane, to the water. This process will go on until the chemical potential of NaCl is the same in the both liquids.
Not a lot. If the membrane is not permeable it means that neither liquid can pass through it. Therefore whatever the difference in salt concentration nothing will happen. Osmosis only occurs with semi-permeable membranes.
Yes, you can distill the salt water (boil it) and collect the steam, the condensed stream will be pure water. You can also squeeze salt water through a semi permeable membrane (as in a desalination plant) and get fresh water.
A mesh bag is typically permeable to salt, as the mesh structure allows small particles like salt to pass through. If you need to transport or store items that must be kept away from salt, consider using a bag with a more solid material.
Plasma membranes are selectively permeable.
weiner water soup
Most frogs cannot survive in salt water because their skin is permeable to salt, which can dehydrate their bodies. Some species, like the crab-eating frog, have adapted to tolerate brackish water, but true saltwater is typically harmful to frogs.
the cell wall is fully permeable
Salt will dissolve in water, and the more heat you add, the more salt you can dissolve, i.e. boiling the water. Sand however, is not water soluble, therefore, it will not dissolve. Let the water boil and dissolve the salt, then drain the water over a semi-permeable cloth so the sand is trapped and the water (and salt) drains through.
Salt increases the osmotic pressure in a solution, which can slow down or even reverse the flow of water in osmosis. This happens because the salt ions compete with water molecules for transport through the semi-permeable membrane, leading to a decrease in osmotic flow.
The prefix for "permeable" is "permea-".