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Is sickle-cell anemia a gentic defect affecting synthesis of hemoglobin chains?
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What substance is needed for hemoglobin synthesis?
Hemoglobin is the protein that, along with water, makes up a red blood cell. Hemoglobin is made from two substances, heme and globin. In order for hemoglobin synthesis to take place, two chains of globin must connect to one another. Without these chains, hemoglobin synthesis cannot happen.
Which Stains are used for staining globin chains of hemoglobin?
Hemoglobin electrophoresis uses stains such as Coomassie blue or Ponceau S to visualize the globin chains of the hemoglobin molecule. These stains help separate and identify different types of hemoglobin based on the migration pattern of the globin chains.
What is Hb H?
Hb H stands for hemoglobin H, which is an abnormal form of hemoglobin that results from the combination of three alpha globin chains in individuals with alpha thalassemia. This condition can lead to mild to moderate anemia and some clinical symptoms.
What is thalesemmia entermedia?
Thalassemia Intermedia is a recessive trait inherited disease of the red blood cells. In thalassemia, the genetic defect results in reduced rate of synthesis of normal hemoglobin chains.
Why does symptoms of beta thalassemia doesn't appear at birth?
Symptoms of beta thalassemia major or Cooley's anemia don't appear at birth because babies still have what is known as the fetal hemoglobin, which consists of two alpha chains and two delta chains, but the baby has no beta chains and therefore protected from the disorder. The baby will eventually develop the beta chains though.
What is hgb hic?
HGB HIC, or Hemoglobin H Disease, is a type of thalassemia, specifically an alpha-thalassemia disorder. It occurs when there is a deficiency in the production of alpha globin chains, leading to an excess of beta globin chains that form unstable hemoglobin (Hemoglobin H). This condition can result in moderate to severe anemia, fatigue, and other health complications. Management typically involves regular monitoring and supportive care, and in some cases, blood transfusions may be necessary.
Two alpha chains and two gamma chains make up the protein globin part of?
Two alpha chains and two gamma chains make up the protein globin part of fetal hemoglobin (HbF). This type of hemoglobin is predominant in fetuses and newborns, and has a higher affinity for oxygen than adult hemoglobin (HbA), allowing for efficient oxygen transfer across the placenta.
Does the hemoglobin molecule has polypeptide chains?
Yes. Hemoglobin consists of four heme groups as well as a globin. Globin is a type of protein - proteins are made of polypeptide chains.
How many genes are there for the four polypeptides in haemoglobin?
Human hemoglobin consists of four polypeptide chains: two alpha (α) and two beta (β) chains. The genes responsible for these chains are HBA1 and HBA2 for the alpha chains, and HBB for the beta chains. Therefore, there are three genes associated with the four polypeptides in hemoglobin.
What are hemoglobinopathies?
There are two categories of hemoglobinopathy. In the first category, abnormal globin chains give rise to abnormal hemoglobin molecules. In the second category, normal hemoglobin chains are produced but in abnormal amounts.
What is monomer of haemoglobin?
The monomer of hemoglobin is called a globin chain, which consists of a polypeptide structure that can be one of four types: alpha or beta chains in adult hemoglobin (HbA). Each hemoglobin molecule is made up of two alpha and two beta chains, along with heme groups that bind oxygen. The globin chains are essential for the protein's ability to transport oxygen in the bloodstream.
