Simple is an adjective, not a preposition or a prepositional phrase.
The subject is never part of a prepositional phrase.
The prepositional phrase is in the park. Camping is not part of the prepositional phrase.
In the wind is the prepositional phrase.
A prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or pronoun is an adjective prepositional phrase. An adjective prepositional phrase almost always follows the noun/pronoun it modifies.
To is a preposition, but it's not a prepositional phrase unless there is an object of the preposition.
Yes, the phrase from the refrigerator is a prepositional phrase. from is a preposition
with such force is a prepositional phrase.
No, it's a simple verb. GET OFF, for instance, is a prepositional verb/phrasal verb/phrasal (different schools of grammar).
Phrase
Yes, in the classroom is a prepositional phrase.
Yes, for counting is a prepositional phrase.
No, "along" is an adverb, not a prepositional phrase.