I understand both to be equivalent. It is for historical reasons that the law has two different names.
Conservation of energy is the 1st law of thermodynamics.
Thermal equilibrium
Thermal is an adjective, meaning to do with heat. Thermodynamics is a noun, a branch of physics to do with the thermal properties of materials, and has several laws which are the basis of design of heat engines and other thermal processes.
Thermodynamics is the study of the relationship between thermal energy and heat and work.
Thermodynamics
Thermal coatings are highly advanced material systems applied to metallic surfaces, such as gas turbine or aero-engine parts, operating at elevated temperatures.
Allan D. Kraus has written: 'Introduction to thermal and fluid engineering' -- subject(s): Transmission, Thermodynamics, Heat, Fluid mechanics 'Introduction to thermal and fluid engineering' -- subject(s): Transmission, Thermodynamics, Heat, Fluid dynamics, Fluid mechanics 'Analysis and evaluation of extended surface thermal systems' -- subject(s): Transmission, Heat, Heat exchangers, Surfaces (Technology)
Zeroth law of thermodynamics: If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they must be in thermal equilibrium with each other. This law helps define the notion of temperature.First law of thermodynamics: Heat is a form of energy.Because energy is conserved, the internal energy of a system changes as heat flows in or out of it. Equivalently, perpetual motion machines of the first kind are impossible.Second law of thermodynamics: The entropy of any closed system not in thermal equilibrium almost always increases.Closed systems spontaneously evolve towards thermal equilibrium -- the state of maximum entropy of the system -- in a process known as "thermalization". Equivalently, perpetual motion machines of the second kind are impossible.Third law of thermodynamics: The entropy of a system approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches zero.The entropy of a system at absolute zero is typically zero, and in all cases is determined only by the number of different ground states it has
the internal energy (thermal energy)
Thermal expansion in accordance with the first law of thermodynamics.
thermodynamics
yes. everything has some thermal energy. Even liquid nitrogen has some thermal energy. Nothing can have no thermal energy, look at the 3rd law of thermodynamics.