Yes
No, while area 51 is adjacent to the Nevada Test Site no nuclear testing has been done there. It is the site used for testing top secret aircraft.Of course area 51 did receive fallout from many of the above ground nuclear tests at the Nevada Test Site.
every above ground, surface, or shallow subsurface nuclear test produced fallout. Look up the number of such tests performed and you have your answer.The book Under the Cloud there is a fallout path map for every Nevada Test Site shot that generated fallout. We did not miss any of the continental 48 states and even left some in Canada & Mexico.
Since fallout is created when a nuclear explosion lifts dirt and debris particles into the air and irradiates them, there is no way to 'stop' nuclear fallout from occurring except by never exploding a nuclear weapon on or near the ground. You CAN stop nuclear fallout from reaching you, though, if you have a good strong shelter that is lined with enough dirt or sand (or thick walls and ceilings using many feet of metal and/or concrete), etc.
Every country in the world received some fallout while nuclear weapons were being tested above ground.
Its the nuclear dust and debris that settles in the air after a nuclear explosion. This then comes down on the ground. Its a mixture of nuclear particles, and debris from the surrounding area. This can cause radiation sickness.
under ground test did not cause as much nuclear fallout or something like that
Once called the Nevada Proving Ground, 1350 square miles of desert and mountain terrain in Nye County Nevada, the US Department of Energy tests nuclear devices there.
meow
No, however in the 50s & 60s we tested nukes in Nevada. The fallout from these above ground tests did not miss a single state of the lower 48 as well as entering parts of both Canada and Mexico. See the maps in the book "Under the Cloud".
Either:As close as possible to any ground zeroAs far as possible from all ground zeros inside a properly designed and stocked fallout shelter
Generally, it has been found that groundwater is contaminated with numerous radioactive isotopes and is unsafe for consumption.
They learned about how far fallout can travel and affect people outside blast zones.