Yes. The North Star is aligned with the celestial north pole.
A declination of +30 degrees. This means it is 30 degrees north of the celestial equator.
Yes. "Declination" on the celestial coordinate system is the counterpart of "latitude" on the terrestrial coordinate system. Positive and negative declination correspond respectively to north and south latitude.
Half. The other half is south of the celestial equator.It depends on the where you're looking from (at the equator it is half and half). If you are at latitude 30 degrees north, then about 2/3 of "your" sky is north of the celestial equator (30 degrees north means that you are one-third of the way north from the equator to the North Pole.)
A star at the celestial equator will move 15 degrees in altitude per hour, and 15 arcseconds in 1 second of time. This is because the celestial equator intersects the celestial sphere at 90 degrees from the north and south celestial poles, so the stars appear to move in circles around the celestial poles.
Celestial coordinates. -- The star's latitude on the celestial sphere is the same as the Earth latitude that it seems to follow on its way aroujnd the sky. On the celestial sphere, the latitude is called "declination", and is expressed in degrees. -- The star's longitude on the celestial sphere is its angle, measured westward, from the point in the sky called the Vernal Equinox ... the point where the sun appears to cross the celestial equator in March. On the celestial sphere, the star's longitude is called "Right Ascension", and it's expressed in hours. That certainly seems confusing, but an "hour of Right Ascension" just means 15 degrees of celestial longitude. So, as the sky turns, the point directly over your head moves through the stars by 1 hour of Right Ascension every hour.
the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator, or of a celestial object north or south of the celestial equator, usually expressed in degrees and minutes
If you are at the equator, the Earth's celestial pole would be at the northern horizon. However, because of atmospheric haze, you would not be able to see Polaris. Below about 5 degrees north, Polaris is not visible.
Yes. For any point on Earth that is north of the equator, the north celestial pole is above the horizon.
No, the celestial equator does not always pass directly overhead. The position of the celestial equator in the sky is determined by the observer's latitude on Earth. If the observer is located at the equator, the celestial equator will pass directly overhead. However, for observers at different latitudes, the celestial equator will appear at an angle to the horizon.
SOUTH
To determine the declination of a star, one can use a tool called a star chart or a star atlas. By locating the star in the night sky and referencing its position relative to the celestial equator, one can measure the angle of the star's position above or below the equator to find its declination.
No. Argenrtina is entirely south of the equator, so the north celestial pole is not visible.