Similar it that they have 10d (full d) electrones + 1s electrone
similar, they comprise a family
The composition of a 40% silver US coin is the outer layers are .800 silver & .200 copper bonded to the inner core of .209 silver and .791 copper.
Silver, gold, and copper are all transition metals with similar electronic configurations, leading to comparable properties such as high electrical conductivity and ductility. Additionally, they all have a single outer electron that can easily move and contribute to their metallic bonding. These similarities in electronic structure contribute to their comparable properties.
All halves dated 1965 and later are made of clad metal; i.e. they have an inner core of one alloy bonded to outer layers of a different metal, a bit like a metal Oreo cookie. Halves dated 1965-1969 are made of a core of 20% silver / 80% copper with outer layers of 80% silver / 20% copper. As of 01/2010 they retail for about $3.25 for their silver. Halves dated 1971 and later consist of a copper core with copper-nickel outer layers. Any that you find in change are only worth 50¢.
Copper, silver, and gold are considered a chemical family because they belong to the same group in the periodic table, known as Group 11. They share similar chemical properties due to having one electron in their outer shell, which influences their reactivity and bonding behavior. Additionally, they exhibit a trend of increasing density, melting point, and conductivity from copper to silver to gold.
All halves dated 1965 and later are made of clad metal; i.e. they have an inner core of one alloy bonded to outer layers of a different metal, a bit like a metal Oreo cookie. Halves dated 1965-1969 are made of a core of 20% silver / 80% copper with outer layers of 80% silver / 20% copper. Halves dated 1971 and later consist of a copper core with copper-nickel outer layers. Any that you find in change are only worth 50¢.
Dimes minted before 1965 are made of 90% silver and 10% copper. Dimes minted after 1965 are made of a copper core with a outer layer of nickel.
US dimes were composed of silver and copper. From 1796 to 1837 they contained .8924 % silver and .1076% copper. Starting in 1837 the composition was changed to 90% silver and 10% copper. This was used until 1964. In 1965 the composition was again changed to a core of pure copper with outer layers of 75% copper and 25% nickel. Some 90% silver dimes are still minted today for special coin sets only.
US quarters dated 1965 and later are struck on "sandwich" planchets. The 'meat' is pure copper and the 'bread' is an alloy of copper and nickel.Quarters dated 1964 and earlier are made of 90% silver and 10% copper.
To clear things up, the US never made pure silver quarters. Circulating quarters were made of 90% silver and 10% copper from 1796, the first year of issue, until 1964. In addition, modern quarters don't have any silver in them at all. They're made of a pure copper core clad with outer layers of copper-nickel alloy.
Nickel and Copper (for dimes dated 1965 and later). The outer layers are 25% nickel and 75% copper, while the core is pure copper. 90% silver and 10% copper (1964 and earlier)
All Anthony dollars have outer layers of .750 copper & .250 nickel bonded to a pure copper core, the same as dimes, quarters, and half dollars. None were ever struck in a silver alloy, even in collectors' issues.