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A toadstool
Puffballs are a type of mushroom. They are in the fungus kingdom. Puffballs and other mushrooms grow from an underground organism. The part above ground is actually a reproductive structure designed to spread the spores.
The mushroom that you see above ground is the fruiting ( flowering and spore bearing ) body of a fungus that lives under ground. Mushroom normally refers to the edible varieties, while toadstool refers to the poisonous or inedible ones.
fruiting body
yes
pileus-fruit body
The cap and the stem.
reproductive structure
Fungi reproduce by releasing spores above ground. The spores then are carried by the wind to new locations that are suitable for the spores to grow into fully developed fungi. The mushroom is the part of those fungi which produces spores, hence it is the reproductive part.
Sex organ (or fruiting body) of a fungus.
It sprouts a mushroom stem and cap only to produce spores out of the gills under the cap.
Yes.