Yes, human electric lighting is polluting the night sky.
They are simply one more way to observe distant objects and events.
Because the universe as a whole is expanding, distant galaxies are moving away from us. As a result, electromagnetic waves emitted by those galaxies experience what is known as a red shift. Their wavelengths get longer.
a stethoscope
by eyes
Cus they is BOSS
A telescope.
It is always easier to cleanup something if you can get to it. * Streams (and their beds) can be worked on pretty easily. * Groundwater is pretty mysterious: flows are difficult to observe, drawdown to collect pollution depends on porosity, you don't know when the job is done
Chemists use a triple beam balance to weigh things, astronomers use telescopes to observe very distant things, biologists use microscopes to observe very small things, and there are literally thousands of other tools used by scientists in various different specialties.
The additional lights from street lamps and buildings gets sent into the sky which in turn gets scattered by our atmosphere, and this hinders very faint galaxies, nebula, planets and stars to be seen.
A telescope or binoculars.
To compensate for the motion of the Earth in order to observe a fixed object, such as a distant star. Relative to the Earth, distant objects do not move, but the Earth rotates and orbits the sun, thus all objects appear to move relative to a fixed point on the Earth. Therefore telescopes (which are fixed points) must move to compensate for this motion.
Sometimes they do, so they can observe at night. However, there's a lot more to the job than observing in "real time". Also, there are astronomers who don't need it to be dark, for example radio astronomers.