There is no conclusive evidence that time is quantized, but certain theoretical studies suggest that in order to unify general relativity (gravitation) with the theories of quantum physics that describe fundamental particles and forces, it may be necessary to quantize space and perhaps time as well. By quantizing space, in one, two , three dimensions, then in a hyperbolic four dimensions. from my point of view, which is an amature one, time is a phenomenon that result from change, since change happens in time, and time is not felt unless there is change. accordingy the time needed to perform the fastest change, which presume the existence of the least amount of inertia,( inertia represents the resistance to change) , or gravity ( which exhibits also resistance to change ) , and since both , inertia and gravity, results from mass, then the smallest quantity of time should be the time needed by the smallest quantity of mass to change, by acquiring the smallest quantity of energy, taking into consideration that photons' mass=0.
No, it is continuous.
In the macroscopic world it is not.
It is quantised.
integrator converts the quantised signal to saw tooth signal which then compared with the present signal and error signal is generated,and error signal is quantised and the process continues
intrinsic and quantised.
Alun J.E Williams has written: 'The lifetime of quantised excitations on the surface of superfluid helium'
a system output can be brought out of limit cycle by comparing the exact y(N) unquantised by y(n) quantised.
It's not entirely clear what you mean. The gauge particle for electromagnetism is the photon, which is one possible answer. If you're asking how light intensity is measured, the usual unit is the candela, while the units for luminous flux are lumens. It is often considered metricised as 'lux'. The quantised unit of all EM energy is the 'photon'. normally considered as a 'wave bundle'.
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 6 words with the pattern Q---T-S--. That is, nine letter words with 1st letter Q and 5th letter T and 7th letter S. In alphabetical order, they are: quantised quantiser quantises quietisms quietists quietuses
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 11 words with the pattern -UA-----D. That is, nine letter words with 2nd letter U and 3rd letter A and 9th letter D. In alphabetical order, they are: guarished quadrated quadrifid quadruped quagmired qualified qualitied quantised quantized quarreled quartered
The EM spectrum may, in fact, not be continuous, but quantised wrt the frequency of the emitted photons that comprise the spectrum. This implies that the frequency of oscillation of the emitting quantum mechanical system is quantised. To establish beyond doubt the continuity, or otherwise of the EM spectrum would require the accutate measurement of the frequency of individual photons. Given the magnitude of Planck's Constant (~ 6.26 x 10^-34 Js) the Planck-Einstein-Schrodinger equation, E = hv shows that, for a single photon a measurable signal cannot be generated at low frequencies (~ a few Hz), whilst at high frequencies (~ a few GHz) any quantisation of the frequency of the photon would not be observable.
Covalent bonds are "flexible", a bit like a spring, BUT the energy to make them vibrate is quantised and only specific frequencies (often in the infred spectrum) are "allowed"- this si the basis of IR and Raman vibrational spectroscopy.