It depends on where you live.
Wood was not common in Judea as it was a semi-arid climate, but it was not scarce, just uncommon.
Charcoal is a common material.
wood
Instead of wood, since it was scarce, people used buffalo chips for fuel to replace the wood.
Wood is a biological material.
Table,wood,log,
Balsa wood is a timber.
Wood comes from a tree. Trees are natural to the earth, therefore, they are an earth material.
Lignin is the material in wood that holds it's fibers together.
A scarce resource is any material good that has a limited supply. Technically, air is a scarce resource, like all material, due to the law of conservation of matter. However, because it is initially plentiful and renewable on a mass scale, there's little reason to fear a shortage, which mustn't be confused with scarcity.
bosque - forest/wood madera - wood (material)
Anything combustable such as dried animal dung.