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How does mitochondrial DNA differ from nuclear DNA in terms of structure and function?
Mitochondrial DNA is smaller and circular in structure, while nuclear DNA is larger and linear. Mitochondrial DNA is only inherited from the mother, while nuclear DNA is inherited from both parents. Mitochondrial DNA is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP, while nuclear DNA contains the majority of an organism's genetic information.
The mitochondrion has its own DNA transcribes its own DNA has DNA that functions independently of nuclear DNA has DNA that is somewhat different from nuclear DNA all of these?
Yes, mitochondria have dissimilar DNA to nuclear DNA. That is because mitochondria arose endosymbiotically as an invasion of an early eukaryotic (nucleated) cell by a purple bacterium in a relationship which was subsequently symbiotic. Many mitochondrial substances are encoded for by the mitochondrial DNA. Some others important to mitochondrial function are also encoded by nuclear DNA. But yes, the mitochondrion would have to carry out its own transciption to make the products it itself coded for. As the mitochondrion was once an autonomous bacterium (way back in Cambrian or Precambrian times), its genome would be different to the actual genome of the organism's cell (in the nucleus) in which it resides. And thus for the large part it would function utterly independently. But there may be inteferences that evolved over the billions of years since the system's origin. As I said the nucleus itself encodes for at least some products essential to mitochondrial function.
Does mitochondrial DNA contain introns?
Yes, mitochondrial DNA does not contain introns. Mitochondrial DNA is a circular molecule that lacks introns, which are non-coding regions found in nuclear DNA.
How does the inheritance of mitochondrial DNA different found in the nucleus of cells?
Mitochondrial DNA is only inherited from the mother, while nuclear DNA is inherited from both parents. Mitochondrial DNA is circular and does not undergo recombination, whereas nuclear DNA is linear and can recombine during meiosis. Mitochondrial DNA codes for a small number of genes related to energy production, while nuclear DNA contains genes that determine various traits and characteristics.
What is edna?
Environmental DNA (eDNA) is nuclear or mitochondrial DNA that is released from an organism into the environment
A strand of replicated DNA formed during prophase is?
A persistent RNA-DNA hybrid is formed during transcription at a phylogenetically conserved mitochondrial DNA sequence.
What phase the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
Nuclear DNA replicates in the S phase. Mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA replicate independently of the rest of the cell. Interphase is composed of the G1, S, and G2 phase. G means growth. S means synthesis.
What does mitochondrial DNA code for?
Mitochondrial DNA codes for certain proteins that are essential for the function of the mitochondria, the cell's powerhouse. It also contains genes involved in energy production through oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial DNA is separate from the nuclear DNA and is passed down maternally.
What are the two types of DNA in the in the eukaryotic cells nuclear and mitochondrial?
The two types of DNA found in eukaryotic cells are nuclear DNA, which is located in the cell nucleus and carries the majority of genetic information, and mitochondrial DNA, which is found in the mitochondria and is responsible for regulating the functions of the mitochondria.
Where are the alleles of a gene are found at the same locus on homologous mitochondrial?
Alleles of a gene are found at the same locus on homologous chromosomes, not on homologous mitochondria. Mitochondrial DNA is typically inherited maternally and is not organized in homologous pairs like nuclear DNA. Instead, there are multiple copies of the mitochondrial genome within each mitochondrion, and variations or mutations in this DNA can occur, but they do not represent alleles in the same way as nuclear genes. Therefore, the concept of alleles at a locus is primarily applicable to nuclear DNA rather than mitochondrial DNA.
What are the sources of DNA in a plant cell?
The main sources of DNA in a plant cell are located within the nucleus, where the nuclear DNA is found. Additionally, plant cells also contain DNA in their mitochondria and chloroplasts. Mitochondrial DNA is inherited maternally, while chloroplast DNA is inherited from both parents.
Why does the mitochondrial disease exist?
It exists because the DNA in mitochondria is duplicated without the checkpoints that nuclear DNA duplication has. Mitochondrial DNA disorders may occur spontaneously and relatively often.
