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What substance is likely found in hard water?
The most common constituents that make water hard are magnesium and calcium ions, since these form only very slightly soluble salts with anions in soap. The other alkaline earth metal cations have the same effect, but occur less commonly.
What is difference between carbonate and noncarbonate hardness?
Carbonate hardness is the measure of hard ions associated with carbonate and bicarbonate anions contained in the water.Noncarbonate hardness is the portion of total hardness in water that is not produced by carbonates, but primarily by sulfate anions.
What correctly describes cations and anions?
In physics cations and anions are described according to their charge density and are classified as hard and soft (see HSAB theory).
What compounds of one element combined with another element can be found in hard water?
Alkaline earth metal salts, primarily those of magnesium and calcium. These cations form only slightly soluble salts with common anions in soaps, precipitating these anions and thereby preventing the anions from forming micelles into which oil or grease can be moved, as is needed to accomplish the cleaning purpose of soap.
What chemical convert hard water to soft water?
Hard water can be softened (have its minerals removed) by treating it with lime or by passing it over an ion exchange resin. The ion exchange resins are complex sodium salts. Water flows over the resin surface, dissolving the sodium. The calcium, magnesium, and other cations precipitate onto the resin surface. Sodium goes into the water, but the other cations stay with the resin. Very hard water will end up tasting saltier than water that had fewer dissolved minerals. Most of the ions have been removed in soft water, but sodium and various anions (negatively charged ions) still remain. Water can be deionized by using a resin that replaces cations with hydrogen and anions with hydroxide. With this type of resin, the cations stick to the resin and the hydrogen and hydroxide that are released combine to form pure water.
What is the name of the substance that can be used to determine if water is soft or hard?
salt
What anion is responsible for permanent hard water?
The anion responsible for permanent hard water is sulfate (SO₄²⁻). Unlike temporary hardness, which is primarily caused by bicarbonates (HCO₃⁻) that can be removed by boiling, permanent hardness remains even after boiling due to the presence of sulfate and other similar ions, such as chloride (Cl⁻) or nitrate (NO₃⁻). These anions do not precipitate out of solution with heat, thus contributing to the overall hardness of the water.
What does the name Teresita mean?
The name Teresita is of Spanish origin and is a diminutive form of the name Teresa. It is often translated to mean "harvester" or "reaper" and is associated with the qualities of determination and hard work.
What name a white crystalline solid salt used to make hard water soft and potable?
Sodium carbonate is added to 'soften' hard water (reacts with calcium and magnesium ions), however this water is NOT drinkable (potable).
What does Melisa mean?
Melisa is a variation of the name Melissa, which is of Greek origin and means "bee" or "honeybee." It is a popular name for girls and is often associated with sweetness and hard work.
How do calcium and magnesium ions affect water?
The presence of these ions in water means the water will have a higher boiling point and a lower freezing point. There are some equations that can tell you exactly how much those points will be changed, but you need to know the quantity of the ions, the formulas of the compounds that produce them, and the volume of the water.
Name something that's hard to hold onto?
Money Water soap Love Fish Butter
