This is also known as the "Proof of Zero" in some circles.
The phrase s=s sounds... well, stupid.
We all know that 1=1, an apple=an apple, a green Dodge truck=a green dodge truck.
However, this is a very important concept in mathematics. In it's upper levels, math becomes very abstract and complex, and in different systems of math, 2 doesn't alway's equal 2. Things work differently.
So, this phrase is kind of common sense--whatever the variable s equals, it will equal itself--but it kind of grounds number theory, or the study of different types of numbers (integers, fractions, imaginary numbers, complex numbers).
Also, this is used as the last line of geometric and trigonometric proofs.
absolute
no, unless there is more to the equation
That depends on the value of "w", and on the value of "s".You can't simplify the expression, if that's what you mean.
1. With boolean algebra, 1 + n is always equal to 1, no matter what the value of n is.
Any value is equal to itself.
place value and face value of a number are always equal at ones place.
no, unless there is more to the equation
That depends on the value of "w", and on the value of "s".You can't simplify the expression, if that's what you mean.
Yes, as no matter how many zeros exist at the end, if no value is at the end that is > 0, then it is equal.
0
An upper bound for a set S is any value u such that all elements of S are less than or equal to u.Similarly, a lower bound, l, is any value such that all elements of S are greater than or equal to l.
equal
By "value" you mean "volume," yes? If so, the answer(s) are gas and plasma.
1. With boolean algebra, 1 + n is always equal to 1, no matter what the value of n is.
Englands mercantile policy was a national plan of a nations dependence on its supply chain in a matter of buillion of gold,silver,and more or trade value so this assumes that wealth and monetary assets are equal things
Any value is equal to itself.
The Yth power of X, or XY is the value you get when you multiply Y number of X's together. If X is equal to 1, however, it does not matter how many 1's you multiply - the answer is alway 1, therefore 1X is not useful and is undefined.
The answer depends on the value of s and since you have not bothered to provide that information, I cannot give a more useful answer.