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Forty years.
Odysseus blinds Poseidon's son (Polythemus) which first starts his hatred towards Odysseus. This hatred means that Odysseus cannot return along the seas.
After the Trojan War, the gods made Odysseus wander for ten years. He returned back to Ithaca after the ten year, but died by the hands of his son.
Poseidon-who was the father of Polyphemus, the Cyclops. Polyphemus prayed to his father (Poseidon) to make Odysseus's life as miserable as possible.
It's not Zeus that is disrupting the seas after Odysseus leaves Calypso's island; it is Poseidon. Athena went to Zeus to ask for his help to get Odysseus home and Zeus agreed that he would allow Odysseus to try and get home. Poseidon, on the other hand, hates the Greeks and especially hates Odysseus because he killed his son the cyclops, Polyphemus.
He must wander to a strange land, wait for a sighn, and plant a oar to Poseiden.
Odysseus is forced to put his men in danger in many situations, but specifically does so when they have to pass by Scylla, the sea monster.
What Odysseus must do to die happy is wander on the mainland until he finds people that don't use salt, carry an oar until someone calls it a fan, and make a huge sacrifice to all the gods, in order.
Eurymachus pleads his case with Odysseus by saying that Antinoos forced all the suitors to do everything they did. And that since Antinoos is already dead he doesn't have to kill them.
The future tense is will wander.
Poseidon, the god of the seas, is trying to prevent Odysseus from getting home because Odysseus blinded the Cyclops Polyphemus, who is Poseidon's son. Poseidon holds a grudge against Odysseus for this act of cunning.
He forced his men that ate the fruit to get on board and set sail immediately.