I am assuming you mean to say, "What do you call someone who refuses military service on the basis of religion?"
A Conscientious Objector
A person who refuses military service on the basis of religion is called a conscientious objector. This individual may seek alternative forms of service or be excused from military duty based on their deeply held beliefs.
Jehovah's Witnesses do, and so do some, not all, Mennonites. A Conscientious Objector can be any religion. They have to show a strong background in faith.
Basic Standards that exceed every other u.s military branch of service.
It's used to describe soldiers and other service members for whom military service is their primary occupation; i.e., they are service members full time. This is opposed to reservists, who soldier on a part-time basis.
It's used to describe soldiers and other service members for whom military service is their primary occupation; i.e., they are service members full time. This is opposed to reservists, who soldier on a part-time basis.
A conscientious objector is any "individual [who has] claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" on the grounds of freedom of thought, conscience, or religion.
It's used to describe soldiers and other service members for whom military service is their primary occupation; i.e., they are service members full time. This is opposed to reservists, who soldier on a part-time basis.
Muslims pray towards Makkah on a daily basis it is also where they start the Islamic pilgrimage Hajj.
A
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Bear in mind that there has been no military draft in the US for a number of decades; the US has an all volunteer military. Hence, nobody is compelled to perform military service and nobody has to seek an exemption from military service. If you don't want to be in the military, you simply don't enlist. However, during the time when the US did have a military draft, it was possible to obtain an exemption on religious grounds. In the case of Orthodox Jews, there would be a problem because the US military is not prepared to serve kosher food to its members, and in general, it would be very difficult to comply with the ritual requirements of Judaism while serving in the US military. Also note, Judaism is not the only religion which can serve as a basis for an objection to military service. There are pacifistic religions, such as the Quakers, who do not believe in violence, even when used for the defense of the nation. Since the US constitution guarantees freedom of religion, it was felt to be appropriate to give draft exemptions to people who had some religious objection to military service.
No, military rank is not awarded on the basis of seniority, it is based primarily on performance. Those who do well, are promoted. Length of time in service also does play some role.